ETG General Paper
2025 A-Level GP · Paper 1 · Question 4

Celebrities and the young

What this question asks

This question asks whether the way the media reports on celebrities is good or bad for young people in Singapore, and how far the influence is really positive.

Question type: How far

An ETG General Paper original study guide to the 2025 A-Level GP Paper 1 essay on media & communication. Not affiliated with, or endorsed by, UCLES, Cambridge Assessment or SEAB. A study aid, not an official answer.

Read the question first
Define these terms
  • media coverage of celebrities: not the celebrities themselves but how media reports and amplifies them, now algorithmically
  • positive influence: good for what, aspiration and awareness, or shaping values, body image and attention
  • young people in your society: Singaporean youth specifically, shaped by exam pressure, high connectivity and a comparison culture
The hidden assumption

The question assumes celebrity coverage has a single net direction of influence, when it depends on which celebrity, which platform and which young person, and on whether 'coverage' means curated traditional media or unfiltered social feeds.

The calibration axis

conditions: coverage is a positive influence where it models genuine achievement and surfaces real causes, but a negative one where algorithmic amplification rewards outrage, unattainable bodies and parasocial obsession, so the balance turns on the type of coverage.

Two ways to argue it

How to approach it. Calibrate how far celebrity media coverage helps or harms young Singaporeans, defining 'positive influence' and rooting the judgement in specific local conditions.

Option A · Conditions: aspiration vs algorithmic harm

Celebrity coverage can be a positive influence on young Singaporeans where it models real achievement and amplifies worthy causes, but the dominant form of coverage today is algorithmic and engagement-driven, which rewards outrage, idealised bodies and parasocial fixation, so on balance its influence is more negative than the question's optimism assumes.

The argument, point by point
  • Coverage is a genuine positive when it puts disciplined achievement in front of young people who respond to role models.
    Why Seeing the training and setbacks behind success, not just the trophy, can convert admiration into effort, so coverage that shows the work behind the fame models a path rather than a fantasy.
    Example Coverage of Joseph Schooling's 2016 Olympic gold inspired a wave of young Singaporean swimmers, a case of celebrity attention channelled into real participation (widely documented, as_of 2026-06).
    Then evaluate But the same Schooling story later turned to his cannabis admission, showing that coverage follows the fall as eagerly as the rise, so the positive model is fragile and conditional.
  • Coverage can also be positive when celebrities use their reach to surface causes young people would otherwise ignore.
    Why A famous figure speaking on mental health or social issues lends a cause visibility and permission, so coverage can normalise help-seeking and broaden awareness in ways institutions struggle to.
    Example BTS addressing the UN General Assembly on youth self-worth reached millions of young fans, including in Singapore, with a message no public campaign could match for reach (widely documented, as_of 2026-06).
    Then evaluate Yet awareness raised by celebrity is shallow and fickle, attached to the star rather than the cause, so it fades when the next story breaks.
  • The dominant harm is that algorithmic coverage optimises for engagement, which rewards exactly the content that damages the young.
    Why Feeds amplify whatever holds attention, so idealised bodies, conspicuous wealth and conflict are pushed hardest at the developmental stage least able to resist them, shaping body image and values by design.
    Example Andrew Tate's misogynist content reached enormous audiences of young men through algorithmic amplification before his criminal charges, a documented case of platforms pushing harmful messaging to minors (widely documented, as_of 2026-06).
    Then evaluate This is why 'positive influence' is so contestable: the coverage young people actually receive is selected to maximise engagement, not to improve them.
  • In Singapore specifically, the harm lands on a population already primed for comparison, which sharpens the effect.
    Why A high-connectivity, achievement-anxious, kiasu society means celebrity coverage feeds an existing instinct to measure oneself against others, so curated perfection hits young Singaporeans where they are most vulnerable.
    Example Singapore's intense academic and social comparison culture, layered onto near-universal smartphone use, makes the gap between celebrity feeds and ordinary life especially corrosive for local youth (cultural pattern, as_of 2026-06).
    Then evaluate The local twist matters: the same coverage that is merely distracting elsewhere meets a comparison reflex here that amplifies the harm.
Strongest counter & rebuttal

This generation grew up online, often follows celebrities critically, mocks the obviously staged, and uses fan communities for belonging and creativity, so treating coverage as something done to helpless youth underestimates their agency. But media literacy is unevenly distributed and no match for systems engineered to override judgement, and the most vulnerable, the youngest and least secure, are precisely those the algorithm reaches most effectively, so agency softens the harm without cancelling it.

Measured conclusion

Celebrity coverage can influence young Singaporeans positively when it models real achievement or amplifies real causes, and their own media literacy blunts the worst of it; but the coverage that actually dominates their feeds is engagement-optimised, pushing idealised bodies and outrage at a comparison-prone society, so I agree only to a limited extent, and the influence is more negative than the question's wording assumes.

What makes this Band 1: Reaches the top band by distinguishing curated achievement from algorithmic amplification, by rooting the harm in Singapore's specific comparison culture, and by conceding youth agency before showing it is outmatched by engineered systems.
Option B · Premise-rejecting: the celebrity vs the coverage model

The question asks the wrong thing: the influence on young Singaporeans depends far less on the celebrity and far more on the model of coverage, since curated traditional media and engagement-driven social feeds shape the young in opposite ways, so the real variable is not whether celebrity coverage is positive but whether it is mediated or algorithmic.

The argument, point by point
  • Traditional, curated celebrity coverage is comparatively benign because an editor stands between the star and the young viewer.
    Why When professionals decide what to publish, coverage is bounded by standards and context, so even adulation comes filtered, which limits the dose and the distortion reaching a young audience.
    Example Mainstream Singapore coverage of national figures like Schooling came with context, restraint and editorial judgement, a different product from an unfiltered feed (media pattern, as_of 2026-06).
    Then evaluate But curated media is a shrinking share of what young Singaporeans actually consume, so its relative safety matters less every year.
  • Algorithmic coverage is a different beast, because the gatekeeper is an engagement-maximising system, not a person.
    Why The feed selects whatever holds attention regardless of effect, so it pushes the most extreme, idealised or divisive celebrity content hardest, with no editor to say no, which inverts the influence from bounded to boundless.
    Example Viral influencer harms, from misogynist creators to dangerous trends, spread through algorithmic amplification precisely because no human gatekeeper limits them (global pattern, as_of 2026-06).
    Then evaluate The complication: the same algorithms can amplify positive figures too, so the model is not uniformly bad, but it is uniformly indifferent to whether the influence is good.
  • The shift from coverage to direct access also changes the influence, because young people now follow celebrities with no mediation at all.
    Why When a star posts directly to followers, there is no coverage in the old sense, so the young receive an unbroken stream of self-presentation that blurs the line between admiration and parasocial dependence.
    Example Direct creator-to-fan platforms mean Singaporean teens form one-sided relationships with figures who never reciprocate, a parasocial dynamic the old media model could not produce (platform pattern, as_of 2026-06).
    Then evaluate Here the question's frame breaks entirely: 'media coverage' is being replaced by direct access, which is a more intense and less filtered influence than coverage ever was.
  • Reframing around the model rather than the celebrity explains why the same star can have opposite influences.
    Why A celebrity covered with editorial restraint and the same celebrity amplified by an outrage algorithm reach the young as different forces, so the influence is a property of the delivery system, not the famous person.
    Example Singapore's Online Criminal Harms Act and platform-safety moves target the delivery system, recognising that the harm lives in amplification, not in the existence of celebrities (Singapore regulatory pattern, as_of 2026-06).
    Then evaluate The payoff: the policy lever is the model of coverage, which is exactly what the question's celebrity-focused framing obscures.
Strongest counter & rebuttal

A young person following a disciplined athlete and one following a misogynist influencer are absorbing genuinely different messages, so the content of the celebrity is not irrelevant and the delivery system is not the whole story. But which celebrities a young Singaporean even encounters is itself decided by the model of coverage, since the algorithm chooses who gets amplified, so the delivery system shapes the menu before the young person ever chooses a dish, which is why it remains the deeper variable.

Measured conclusion

Whether celebrity coverage influences young Singaporeans positively is the wrong question, because the answer is set by the model of coverage rather than the celebrity: curated media is comparatively safe, algorithmic amplification is indifferent to harm, and direct access is more intense than coverage ever was, so I agree only where the coverage is mediated, and the trend toward algorithmic feeds is exactly why the optimism is misplaced.

What makes this Band 1: Earns the top band by rejecting the celebrity-centred framing, showing the influence is a property of the coverage model, and tracing the shift from curated media to algorithm to direct access while conceding the celebrity still shapes the message.
How the two approaches differ

Option A runs on conditions, weighing aspiration and cause-awareness against algorithmic harm and rooting the verdict in Singapore's comparison culture. Option B rejects the frame, arguing the influence is a property of the coverage model, curated versus algorithmic versus direct access, more than of the celebrity. Both are defensible: A is the calibrated 'your society' How-far answer; B is the premise-rejecting move that scores if the model distinction is held and still rooted locally.

Common pitfalls
FAQ
How do I root the 2025 celebrity question in Singapore rather than writing generally?
Use a distinctive local condition, not just a local name. Singapore's high-connectivity, achievement-anxious, kiasu comparison culture means curated celebrity perfection hits young people where they are most vulnerable, so the same coverage that is merely distracting elsewhere meets a comparison reflex here that amplifies the harm. That is rooting, not name-dropping.
What is a strong positive example for celebrity influence on Singaporean youth?
Joseph Schooling's 2016 Olympic gold, which inspired a wave of young local swimmers, used carefully. It shows celebrity coverage channelled into real participation, but note that the same coverage later followed his cannabis admission, which proves the positive model is fragile because coverage chases the fall as eagerly as the rise.
Can I argue the question is asking the wrong thing?
Yes, and it is a strong reframe. The influence depends on the model of coverage more than the celebrity: curated traditional media is comparatively safe, engagement-driven feeds are indifferent to harm, and direct creator-to-fan access is more intense than coverage ever was. Keep it rooted by tying the model to Singaporean regulation and youth, or it drifts off the 'your society' demand.
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